Cells, and its Function

 Functions of cells

In order for a cell to survive it must be able to carry out a variety of functions.

such as growth, respiration, reproduction, excretion, sensitivity/sensation,movement and nutrition.

Growth:-

Cells have the ability to grow until they are mature and ready to reproduce.A cell can grow and repair itself by manufacturing protein.

Respiration:-

Every cell requires oxygen for the process of respiration. Oxygen is absorbed through the cell’s semipermeable membrane and is used to oxidise nutrient material to provide heat and energy. The waste products of cell respiration include carbon dioxide and water. These are passed out from the cell through its semipermeable membrane.

Reproduction:-

When growth is complete in a cell, reproduction takes place. The cells of the human body reproduce Or divide by the process of mitosis.

Excretion:-

During metabolism, various substances are produced which are of no further use to the cell and can be damaging. These waste products are removed through the cell’s semipermeable membrane.

Sensitivity/sensation:-

A cell has the ability to respond to a stimulus (a cause or trigger of a reaction), which may be physical, chemical or thermal. 

For example, a muscle fibre contracts when stimulated by a nerve cell.

Movement:-

Movement may occur in the whole or in part of a cell.White blood cells,for instance, are able to move freely.

Nutrition:-

The endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus manufacture different substances such as protein and fats, either as needed internally by the cell or according to its specific function. 

The cell utilises basic nutrient molecules that are either dissolved in the cytoplasm or specific substances contained within vesicles.Carbohydrates are transported to the mitochondria, where they are broken down to yield energy. In the process, high-energy ATP molecules are manufactured and provide energy for other organelles.